إزالة الحرف الأول والأخير: Python مقابل JavaScript

text = "Hello"
result = text[1:-1]
print(result)  # "ell"

# More examples:
text = "Programming"
result = text[1:-1]
print(result)  # "rogrammin"

# Remove quotes
text = '"Hello, World!"'
result = text[1:-1]
print(result)  # 'Hello, World!'

# Remove brackets
text = "[1, 2, 3]"
result = text[1:-1]
print(result)  # "1, 2, 3"

text = "Hello"
result = text[1:len(text)-1]
print(result)  # "ell"

# Equivalent to [1:-1], but more verbose

text = ""
result = text[1:-1]
print(result)  # "" (returns empty string, doesn't error)

text = "A"
result = text[1:-1]
print(result)  # "" (removes the only character)

text = "AB"
result = text[1:-1]
print(result)  # "" (removes both)

text = "ABC"
result = text[1:-1]
print(result)  # "B" (keeps middle character)

const text = "Hello";
const result = text.slice(1, -1);
console.log(result);  // "ell"

// More examples:
console.log("Programming".slice(1, -1));  // "rogrammin"
console.log('"Hello, World!"'.slice(1, -1));  // "Hello, World!"
console.log("[1, 2, 3]".slice(1, -1));  // "1, 2, 3"

const text = "Hello";
const result = text.substring(1, text.length - 1);
console.log(result);  // "ell"

const text = "Hello";

// substring() auto-swaps if start > end, making this work:
const result = text.substring(text.length - 1, 1);
console.log(result);  // "ell" (but not recommended, confusing)

const text = "";
console.log(text.slice(1, -1));  // "" (safe)

const text = "A";
console.log(text.slice(1, -1));  // "" (removes it)

const text = "AB";
console.log(text.slice(1, -1));  // "" (removes both)

const text = "ABC";
console.log(text.slice(1, -1));  // "B" (keeps middle)

# Python
json_string = '{"name": "Alice", "age": 30}'
# Remove outer quotes from a value
value = '"Alice"'
clean = value[1:-1]
print(clean)  # Alice

// JavaScript
const jsonString = '{"name": "Alice", "age": 30}';
const value = '"Alice"';
const clean = value.slice(1, -1);
console.log(clean);  // Alice

# Python
bracketed = "[192.168.1.1]"
ip = bracketed[1:-1]
print(ip)  # 192.168.1.1

# Remove angle brackets
tagged = "<html>"
content = tagged[1:-1]
print(content)  # html

// JavaScript
const bracketed = "[192.168.1.1]";
const ip = bracketed.slice(1, -1);
console.log(ip);  // 192.168.1.1

const tagged = "<html>";
const content = tagged.slice(1, -1);
console.log(content);  // html

# Python
code = """def hello():
    print('Hi')
    return True"""

lines = code.split('\n')
# Keep middle lines only
middle_lines = lines[1:-1]
print('\n'.join(middle_lines))  # "    print('Hi')"

// JavaScript
const code = `def hello():
    print('Hi')
    return True`;

const lines = code.split('\n');
const middleLines = lines.slice(1, -1);
console.log(middleLines.join('\n'));  // "    print('Hi')"

# Python
pipe_delimited = "|item1|item2|item3|"
items = pipe_delimited[1:-1].split('|')
print(items)  # ['item1', 'item2', 'item3']

// JavaScript
const pipeDelimited = "|item1|item2|item3|";
const items = pipeDelimited.slice(1, -1).split('|');
console.log(items);  // ['item1', 'item2', 'item3']

def remove_ends(text: str, start: int = 1, end: int = 1) -> str:
    """Remove start characters from beginning, end from end"""
    return text[start:-end] if end > 0 else text[start:]

print(remove_ends("Hello, World!", 1, 1))  # "ello, World"
print(remove_ends("Hello, World!", 2, 2))  # "llo, Worl"
print(remove_ends("Hello, World!", 1, 0))  # "ello, World!"

function removeEnds(text, start = 1, end = 1) {
  if (end === 0) {
    return text.slice(start);
  }
  return text.slice(start, -end);
}

console.log(removeEnds("Hello, World!", 1, 1));  // "ello, World"
console.log(removeEnds("Hello, World!", 2, 2));  // "llo, Worl"
console.log(removeEnds("Hello, World!", 1, 0));  // "ello, World!"

function removeEnds(text: string, start: number = 1, end: number = 1): string {
  if (text.length < start + end) {
    return "";
  }
  return text.slice(start, text.length - end);
}

const result: string = removeEnds("Hello");
console.log(result);  // "ell"

# Python timing — run this yourself to get numbers for your machine
import timeit

text = "Hello, World!"
print(timeit.timeit(lambda: text[1:-1], number=1_000_000))
# Slicing is implemented in C; on modern hardware this completes
# in well under a second for a million iterations on a short string.

// JavaScript timing (1 million iterations)
const text = "Hello, World!";
console.time("slice");
for (let i = 0; i < 1_000_000; i++) {
  text.slice(1, -1);
}
console.timeEnd("slice");
// Performance is extremely fast in modern engines

text = "Hello"

# WRONG: Using -1 as end, forgetting it means "up to last char"
result = text[1:-1]  # "ell" (correct by accident)

# WRONG: Thinking -1 = "one character from end"
result = text[:-1]  # "Hell" (removes last char, not what you intended)

const text = "Hello";

// WRONG: Thinking 4 means "4 characters from end"
const result = text.slice(1, 4);  // "ell" (happens to work here)

// WRONG: Using positive index for end when wanting last char
const result2 = text.slice(1, text.length);  // "ello" (keeps last char)

// RIGHT: Use negative index
const result3 = text.slice(1, -1);  // "ell"

# Only remove if string long enough
text = "Hi"
result = text[1:-1] if len(text) > 2 else text
print(result)  # "Hi"

text = "Hello"
result = text[1:-1] if len(text) > 2 else text
print(result)  # "ell"

const text = "Hi";
const result = text.length > 2 ? text.slice(1, -1) : text;
console.log(result);  // "Hi"

def safe_remove_ends(text: str) -> str:
    """Remove first/last only if safe"""
    if len(text) <= 2:
        return ""  # Or return text, depends on use case
    return text[1:-1]

print(safe_remove_ends("A"))  # ""
print(safe_remove_ends("AB"))  # ""
print(safe_remove_ends("ABC"))  # "B"